Fraxinus excelsior (Ash; also European Ash or Common Ash on occasion to distinguish it from other ash species), is a species of Fraxinus native to most of Europe with the exception of northern Scandinavia and southern Iberia, and also southwestern Asia from northern Turkey east to the Caucasus and Alborz mountains. The northernmost location is in the Trondheimsfjord region of Norway.

**文字資料來源:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraxinus_excelsior
**圖片資料來源:http://www.flickr.com/photos/hermannherbarium/4581333125